La economía del Donut: Un marco de política pública para la transición socio-ecológica en América Latina
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62776/rse.v2i2.54Palabras clave:
Economía del Donut, economías extractivas, gobernanza multinivel, criterios de circularidadResumen
Este estudio evalúa la viabilidad de adoptar la Economía del Donut (DE) en América Latina, con foco en Perú y República Dominicana, para impulsar una transición socio-ecológica justa. El objetivo es sintetizar la evidencia global (2017–2025), extraer lecciones de implementación a partir de cinco experiencias: Ámsterdam, Países Bajos; Tomelilla, Suecia; Barcelona, España; Ciudad de México, México; y Manos del Uruguay, Uruguay, y proponer una hoja de ruta operativa con gobernanza multinivel e indicadores trazables. La metodología combina revisión sistemática narrativa de fuentes académicas y técnicas (DEAL, C40, ONU-Hábitat, CEPAL), estudios de caso y el uso del Retrato de Ciudad (cuatro lentes: local/global × social/ecológico) para derivar métricas y políticas palanca. La población objetivo incluye decisores públicos nacionales y subnacionales, equipos técnicos, sociedad civil y sector privado llamados a co-diseñar e implementar la DE. Los resultados muestran que la DE es transferible si se adapta a desafíos regionales (informalidad, especialización extractiva, brechas de datos), prioriza proyectos demostrativos (pasaporte de materiales, compras públicas circulares, movilidad limpia) y ancla KPI en fuentes existentes. Se plantea una hoja de ruta en fases (alineación-diagnóstico; pilotos; escalamiento-institucionalización) con gestión de riesgos frente a afirmaciones ambientales engañosas y captura regulatoria. Conclusión: la DE es un marco viable para crecimiento regenerativo en Perú, condicionado a voluntad política, gobernanza colaborativa y protocolos robustos de datos (QA/QC).
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